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Effects of space weather on the CUAVA-1 CubeSat orbit

Presented by:

Vanathy Arudselvan

Vanathy Arudselvan

The University of Sydney

 

Iver Cairns

The University of Sydney

 

Tony Monger

The University of Sydney


This research investigates the effects of space weather on the time-varying orbital characteristics of the CubeSat CUAVA-1. The time series for two orbital parameters were used in this comparison, both sourced from NORAD’s Keplerian Two-Line Element Sets (TLEs). First, the temporal rate of change of the apogee altitude, calculated from the orbital mean motion using Kepler’s Third Law of Planetary Motion. Second, the B* (BSTAR) drag term. These orbital parameters were then compared with NASA OMNI time series for the F10.7cm solar radio flux, the Disturbance storm time index (Dst), and the geomagnetic Planetary K index (Kp). Time series of the orbital parameters show events superposed on slowly varying secular changes with small amounts of noise, with the events correlated, by eye, with changes in the space weather indices. Lomb-Scargle analyses of the time series of the orbital parameters and space weather indices over the period 6 October 2021 to 25 April 2022 reveal very similar, quasi-periodic variations in the orbital parameters and Dst and F10.7cm space weather indices at approximately 25-day intervals. Cross-correlation analyses show strong peaks and hence significant correlations at time lags between zero and about five days. As the 25±1 day period is close to the synodic rotational period of the solar equator, these results are consistent with certain space weather events driving significant changes in the orbit of CUAVA-1. Qualitatively, this may be due to enhanced ionisation and heating of the atmosphere, causing it to expand and increase satellite drag. Detailed interpretations are still required, however, for some aspects of the results. We conclude with suggestions for further work to clarify the relationships between the parameters and to establish space weather causes of the clear effects observed in the orbit of the CUAVA-1 CubeSat.

Category:

SSA

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